Photography equipment

Large Format camera’s

Large format camera’s use a film size of 5”x4” and this is the most expensive way of capturing pictures. Although this format is the most expensive it gives a good quality image. This camera is usually used for landscape photography as it gives a shaper and better tonality to photos and it is gain free. These camera also allow the photography to focus on the subject. Many photographers use this camera because you have get different interchangeable lenses to use for the camera which means they can have different mounts.  In this camera you can have 2 sheets of film per dark side the only down side from this is that you would have to keep changing the film every two images that you take.

Medium format camera’s

 Medium format camera’s use the film size of 6.5cm wide. You can get these in two types of sizes 120 and 220. This camera gives a good quality image and can be easily portable which bales the photographer to take there photography out of the studio. This camera is mainly used in the studio for fashion or portrait or landscape. Many photographers like to use this camera as when the images are enlarged they still have good quality to them. Another advantage is that the back of the camera has a interchangeable back which allow them to change the film mid roll. There are also many different lenses to chose from which include fixed or zoom.
This camera which uses 120 film normally gives you a 16 shot ot less exposure per roll , this depends on the picture format. The most popular medium format camera is the “Rolli 6008 integral” 

35mm

The 35mm camera is a SLR. This stands for Single Lens relax. These camera’s are much more affordable compared to the medium and large format camera. The name of the camera 35mm comes from the size of the film that is used which is 35mm. This film size take the most images compared to the large and medium format. This takes up to 36 shots per roll. The image quality on this camera depends on the type of camera and what lenses you use. You can get many different lenses for this type of camera which give you big zoom’s.  The image quaintly in these camera’s can vary depending on the camera’s not just the photographers. People will use these camera’s for family pictures , sports and photojournalism. These are used for these as the camera is easy to set up and can take quick motion images for sports or concerts.

Lighting and equipment

Lighting is very important for a studio and outside shoot. Lighting can give a photo a better quality. Lighting can come in many different ways. You can use Flash bulbs , reflectors and soft boxes. These come in different watts , so you can decide what you want depending on how you want the person or place lit. For example you can have a “Side light” which adds light to the side to provide shadows and depth to a image this is uses mainly portraiture. “Black light” is a light behind the subject , this creates a silhouette. “ Hard light” is a direct light this creates strong shadows and high contrast. “spotlight” is when a focused amount of light highlights a certain part of the subject or scene. All these are created by these different types of lighting.
Flash bulbs are connected to the camera’s so when the shutter goes off this goes off to. This is called Flash photography. This is used for studio photo’s such as fashion or family portrait. Reflectors , these reflect the light on to the subject or part of a scene. This is created by using a fold up circle with sliver on it or a umbrella with a light in. A soft box creates a soft light that makes the image have natural light.

Tripods are also important in photo shoots as they able the photographer to get a good photo as it keeps the camera still. There are many different tripods available depending on the camera and the height that you want.

Dark room

The dark room is used to develop light sensitive photographic materials including film and paper. To delevlop a photo in the dark room there are many things that will be needed. The main thing is a dark room , this mustn’t have any light as this can ruin the photo’s process. You can use a safe light which is red which limits the amount of light and doesn’t ruin the paper and photo process. You will also need an Enlarger which enlargers the photo from film to paper. This is done by showing light on to it. Next you will need the chemicals to process it there are 3 stages to this first the developer then the stop , then the fixer. This keeps the picture to the paper and stops it from fading.
Other things you will need will be trays for the chemicals. Timers for the exposure on the enlarger.

Developing advert campaign

Proposal

My advert is about a fizzy energy drink that I have made up. The drink is Called Zest. I have come up with an advert that will help sell my product. The advert is based on a Boy that has woken up late for College and doesn’t have a lot of energy so he has a drink of Zest which makes him gain energy so that he can get to College on time.

My advert will set off with a boy waking up and looking at his alarm clock and realises what the time and that he is going to be late for college. My character then jumps out of bed. He then walk’s down the stairs to the kitchen not very quickly. When he gets to the kitchen, he will open the fridge where he will pull out my product of a fizzy energy drink called Zest. When my character has done this it will show what the drink can do to you.

Once he has had some of the drink he will then have a load of energy so he ends up running everywhere so that he gets to college on time. Once he has the drink he goes into the bathroom where we just see him go in and they come out dressed. Next we will see him doing is hair in the mirror. Once this is all done we see him make his way to college. We will see him running down the streets and through a park and into the college. The shot will then end with him getting into the classroom and putting down the drink on the table, where the last show will be of the drink. This part will be on a clear background that is slightly blurred so that you can just see the drink. Over this we will see and hear the drinks slogan being read and the slogan will appear on screen.

From when he has the drink everything will be speeded up is that it looks like he is moving fast. I will also have music playing over this part. I will have sound effects for the alarm and I will use a range of different camera shots. I will include wide camera shot to show where he is and what is going on and will use close ups to see the more import things and facial expressions.

I want my advert like this as it targets the audience of 14-18 year old boys as they can relate to what it going on in the narrative advert.

Brand and logo

Profile on target audience

I would expect my target audience to a similar age to me. I say this as i feel i target them well as i know what sort of things there into. In my advert i want people to be able to relate to what is going on and include this that there into. Here is a profile of what i would my target audience would be like....

Male 

aged 17

From a working class background.

Spends alot of time with his mates playing football.

Can be Lazy.

spends a lot of time on xbox.

Spends a lot of time making sure he looks good.

Likes up beat songs , eg, example ,ed sheeran , tinie temper .

Like Action films.

Synopsis

In my advert i plan to have a boy that has woken up late for college and that he is on a go slow until he drinks my drink that im advertising which is called Zest. Once the has had some of the drink he will then start moving quickly. In this part we will see him get ready for college by doing his hair and getting changed. We will then see the boy run to college still holding the drink. The boys will be running through  parks and streets to make his way to college. The boy then arrives in college to where he will put his drink on the table  and this will be the finishing shot.

This advert will last 30-40 seconds and will be a narrative style advert, where im trying to sell the product through a story. The target audience is for mainly 14-18 year old boys, this is as i feel they can relate to the story and mainly this age range drink this.

Treatment

In my advert i will include a range of different camera shots and will show why product is worth buying. My advert will start off with a long shot of a boy in bed. Then it will go into a close up of the alarm clock going off. For this part it  will be set in a bedroom and the main prop needed would be the alarm clock. For the alarm clock i will use special effects of the sound of it going off , to make it sound realistic.  As there is no spoken words in this part the close up is important as it will tell the audience what is going on. I feel that with the character waking up late the audience can relate to it as it something that happens a lot to students.
In the next part we see the character getting out of bed and walking slowly to get to the kitchen. This will show that he doesn’t have any energy but then when he goes to the fridge and has a drink of the energy drink that im advertising called Zest. When he has a bit of this drink he suddenly gets a lot of energy from it. To show the difference in before and after the drink  as a fast beat music will start and  everything he does starts to speed up.  This music will be Kick Starts by example . I would have this as it would appeal to the audience and its will know to boys age 14-18 as its the sort of music that is popular with them. This song is also fast beat so will relate to everything speeding up in the advert. When my character takes the drin out of the fridge i don’t want a complete close up of the drink as i want don’t people to see what being advertised straight away as i want people to wait till the product is shown at the end.  When i come to editing this part i will also speed up so that it makes the audience think that this happens when you drink the drink zest.

Once the character has got ready i will then have him running to college . This part will see him running through parks and streets. I would have him still holding the drink as it will show the audience that this is making him go fast and have all the energy. While he is running i would make the character jump over thing like a bench and fencing and maybe have him falling over as this would add comedy to it and would make it appeal to the audience. I would still have the music playing in the background as it fits in with whats going on. I would also carry on the editing part of speeding it up. I have used these places as i think these places the audience can relate to as many people would walk though area’s like this to get to college/school . For the camera shots in this part i would have range of camera shots. When he goes to jump over something i would have a close up of the object with him running towards the camera then have it so that we see him run away from it. I would have wide shots to show where the character is.

The last part would see the character arriving at college. I would have the charcter go into the classroom and sit down and when he puts his drink down, the camera would zoom in on the drink and the background would go blurry so that it shows that the drink is important. This is when we finally iis the drink properly so the audience will now know what the drink is that has made him get the energy. When i come to editing this part i would fade down the music a little so that i can put the recording of the slogan being said over the top. I would then have the background behind the drink then fade into black so that drink stands out as the colours on the drink are bright. I will also have the slogan and the logo appear on screen so that the audience can see it and remember it.

Throughout the advert i haven’t said any spoken words. I have done this so that it appeals more to the age range as 14 to 18 year olds would only pay attention to the visuals and music to things being spoken. I would have the slogan spoken just so the audience cna remember it and it will stay in there minds. The location for my advert are all places that the audience can relate to. For example i have used a college/school , i have done this as people this age would be studying at these places and can relate to it. The narrative i have chosen is also so they can relate to it.

Overall  i think that my advert targets my audience of males 14-18years old as i have included all the things that would interest them such as the music , is something that they listen to.

Primary research 2

Focus group.

From my own primary research , i spoke to a group of people about energy drinks and ask what they prefer to see on a drink and what catches there eye. I also told them about my product and showed them my logo’s and the label for the drink , so i could get some feedback from them.

I spoke to a group of two girls and two boys all aged around 17 and 18. I asked these people as i wanted a view from both sexes and from the age range that my product would be aimed at.

The first thing that i talked about was if they prefer energy drinks to fizzy drinks. The boy replied with “ i tend to buy energy drinks more , not just because i want the energy but as they taste good to.”  But the girls said that they would rather have a fizzy drink. From talking to the group about this it made me realise that maybe i should make my drink appeal more to boys than the girls as they seem to like them more. From this it made me decide that i need to include things in my advert that would appeal to boys and to use characters in the advert that are of a similar age.

The next thing i did was showed my groups my labels and logo’s and asked if they think they were a good idea and what things should i change. The first thing i showed them was my two label idea’s , and ask what one was better and if the colours suited the type of drink and the flavour. Most of the group preferred label two. They said that it looked more real. They also said that they liked the slogan as it would stick in your mind. Another thing that was said was that the colours were goods as they link with the flavour of the drink but one of the boys said that “maybe the background colour could be changed to make it stand out more” Which i did agreed with. They thought that the named for my drink was good as well as it short and easy to remember.

I also told the group about my plan for the advert to get there view on it. They all said that it was a good idea as most people can relate to it. When i asked the group what they thought what sort of music i should have it. They replied with up beat , up to date and something that our age group would enjoy.

From asking the group my questions i now know what i can improve on and what parts i should use.

Questionnaire-

1.       1. What would appeal to you more on a drinks bottle.

-          Name - 2

-          Logo-3

-          Colours-5

2.      2. What makes you want to watch an advert?

            -Music -4

            -Bright and different-3

            - to see what the product is-3

3.       3.Why would you chose a drink in a shop

-          Because of the advert - 5

-          Because the bottle looks good-4

-          Because it stands out from the rest-1

4.       4.What colours would appeal to you more

           -blues – 3

           -green- 5

           -red- 2

5.      5. Girl only -Do you drink more energy drink  or fizzy drinks.

-          Energy drinks - 2

-          Fizzy drinks- 3

6.      6. Boys only – Do you drink more energy drink or fizzy drinks.

-          Energy drinks -4

-          Fizzy drinks -1

-           

7.      7.  What name do you prefer

-          Buzz -1

-          Energybolt- 4

-          Zest-5

8.      8. In adverts do you listen to the dialogue ?

-          No- 4

-          Yes-4

-          Sometimes-2

Adverts -Primary research 1

The two adverts I have analysed are for Fanta and Pepsi. These adverts are aimed at different people and are both done in very different ways to sell their products.

In the fanta advert they represent young people. They do this by the cartoon people hanging out in parks and the streets with groups of people. They represent them like this as this is a stereotypical of what people think teenagers are like. By the producers doing this it would make it appeal more to the target audience as they would be able to relate to it and could find it funny as they are being stereotyped in that way. In this advert it sort of represents that teenagers need fizzy drinks to make them hyper to have a good time. As in this advert it shows young people looking depressed then when they have this drink they then become happy and hyper. I would say that the target audience for this would be a mix of girls and boys aged 14 to 26 year olds that are from a working class. I would say this as the things in the adverts would appeal to this group of people. For example the music that is being played would appeal to this age group as it would get played in parties and nightclubs, and this age group would be in to stuff like this.

From playing this music I would say that it increases the sale of the drink, as well as the song. It would do this as people would hear the song, and would then think of the drink and might want to buy it and if people hear the song they might like it and want to buy that. The producer of this advert has used cartoon teenagers so that it will target type audience as this would appeal to them. It would also target them as they use bright colours and the effect’s as it would stand out from the other adverts.

In this Fanta advert the producers have decided that it shouldn’t involve any speech. I think they have decided on this as it targets young people and they wouldn’t bother listening to anything as they would rather watch it. So in this advert they have made sure the selling point is in all the watching. They have done this by making the visuals more effective and so the audience can relate to them. For example the Mis-en-scene for this advert is the park, the streets and a bedroom. These are all places that teenagers would hang out with friends, so by the advert having this the audience can relate with it. They have also used bright colours throughout the advert. Colours used are oranges, pinks, reds, yellows and blues. These are used on clothing and the orange is to advertise the drink.
Instead of the advert not having any speech not having any speech in it, they have used sound effects and music throughout instead of speech. The music played throughout is “it's like that” by Run Dmc. They use this as its fun, upbeat and they could be using this as they would be saying that the drink is fun and makes you upbeat. The sound effects they have used in the advert are noises of a girl sighing because she’s bored and then the noises of the drink being poured. Another one is the fizzing of the drink. They have used these sound effects of the drink as this is what they are saying the drink sounds like; by them doing this it is persuading people to buy it.

Fanta try to sell their product in this advert by having a message of what the drink does to you. For the advert the message is “if you have this drink you will become a lot happier” By the visuals saying this it will make people wants to try it to see if it true. In this advert they are wit and humour as advertisement technique. They do this by using cartoons as it is different and not very life like so people would find it entertaining. Another technique they use is weasel words to sell the product. For example at the end of this advert they have the saying “more fanta less serious” This suggests that the more fanta you have the less serious you become. If people see this they might think that it’s true.

In this advert they use a narrative story to sell the product. The storyline is, a teenage girl is sitting in her bedroom bored then a boy come in with some “fanta” and she becomes happy after having a drink of it. The advert then shows groups of friends in the streets and driving and in a park are having fun as they are drinking “fanta”. When the drink runs out is shows that they are all sad. The characters in this advert are teenagers and young adults, this is as they are targeting them and they can relate to it. They use a story in this advert as it is telling the audience; this is what happens when you drink this drink. By them doing this it helps them to sell it as people want to see it its true.
The genre of this advert is cartoon fiction as the story to the advert isn’t true. This advert uses the codes and conventions of targeting young people as they used people of the same age and things that they do.

I think this advert has been quiet successful in selling the product, the advert is eye catching and different and by them using music it helps people remember the advert. From being the same sort of age as the target audience, I feel it is very effective as there are parts you can relate to and the drink is appealing.

The second advert that I looked at was for the fizzy drink Pepsi. This advert represents and targets a different range of people to the drink Fanta. Pepsi also advertise their drinks in a different way compared to Fanta.

In this advert they are representing footballers, they are doing this by using famous footballers from all over the world. In this advert it makes footballers come across as being competitive and strong. They make the footballers look competitive by two of them playing football at the end to see who is better but when one looses we can see the annoyances on his face. They are represented in this way as it links with them selling the products, as it makes the audience feel that they have to be competitive to buy the drink Pepsi.
For this advert I would say that the target audience would be mainly Male’s of 18 – 24 year olds of working class. I would say this as these people are the main watches of football , so by them using footballers in the advert these people would know who they are and would make the advert appeal to them more. Another thing that targets this audience is by the audience seeing that the famous footballers drinking the drink as they would think that they should drink this as they all footballers do. By them doing this it is helping to sell that product as the audience are likely to listen more to their hero’s and celebrities.

As the same as the Fanta advert there are very little spoken words. This is because they use the famous footballers, music and the visuals to sell the product. The mis-en-scene for this advert is in a western, where everything is dark. This is done to add tension to the advert. Music in the advert also helps with this. All this links with the narrative of this advert to help sell the product. The only words in this advert are the word Pepsi at the beginning of the advert this is done as it’s not clear to start with what the advert is advertising. The Footballers in this advert are wearing items of clothing that has there footballing teams logo on. By them wearing this it is also helping to advertise the football team.
In this advert there are a range of different camera shots, this helps to show the tension in places. For example when one of the Footballers takes the drink from David Beckham , there is a close up shot on his face that shows that he’s not happy with that has just happened. There are also a lot of long shots to show what is going on.

This Pepsi advert gives out a message in its storyline. I think they are trying to say “Once you have had one, ask for more.” We know this as at the end of the advert they have “Ask for more” come up on the screen. Another message in this could be “Don’t take other peoples Pepsi.” Because the storyline of the Beckhams drink being taken ends in a disagreement where they have to play football to see is better. By having the message “ask for more” They want people to have another one after one. This is done as they want to up their profits. To help sell Pepsi the advert uses techniques, one of the techniques used is Wit and humour. They use this as it keeps the audience entertained. An example of wit and humour is at the end when Beckham whistles and the horse kicks the ball instead of him.  This is humour as you don’t expect it to happen. With the message, they have used it so that it sounds like a command. They do this so the audience think that they have to buy it as the company are telling them to.

This advert is done in a narrative way to help sell the product. They have used only footballers throughout the advert as the characters of the story. The storyline is that a football team walk into a bar and the rest of team sit down apart from David beckham. Beckham goes over to the bat and asks for “Pepsi” and the bar slides it over to him but someone from the other team grabs the drink and drinks it. Beckham then says “outside” to the guy. This is because he wants see that deserves the drink the most.  After this, is when the players have a games of football to see you deserve it more?  Pepsi have used a narrative storyline in there advert as it keeps the audience watching the whole way through as they want to see what happens at the end , and by them using footballers this also keeps them watching as you want to see what they are star’s are advertising.

The genre of this advert is like a western film. They have used the codes and conventions of a western film to do this. For example the Location, horses, guns and dark colours are all the convention of a western.

I think that this advert has been very successful as the storyline keeps the audience watching and by them using famous people it makes people what to try the drink as they think that famous people are drinking it. This advert also targets it audience well as it has used things that appeal to them, such as football and westerns films. I think that the sales probably did rise from this advert.

Fanta advert - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eKPBiplRYkg

Pepsi - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usVigLuQDAE

Advert - Secondary research

Secondary research

The first advertising brand I have looked at is Pepsi. This company is one of the biggest selling fizzy drinks companies along with coke. Other companies include fanta, sprite, Dr Pepper and 7up. All these brands have different ways into targeting their audiences as they target different age ranges and groups.

Pepsi uses a lot of famous people to sell their products. They mainly use well known football starts. For example David Beckham, Ronaldo, Fernando and Frank Lampard. In previous adverts they have used music stars as well, such as The Jackson family and Michael between the years of 1984 and 1991. They also sang on the advert. Other people included Brittany Spears and Mary j Beige. By Pepsi using these people they are targeting there target audience of which I would say is now males of 16-30 year olds where as in the 80’s when the Jacksons did it would have been mainly families. The producers getting these people on the adverts it helps to sell their products as people think if my favourite star is drinking this drink I should drink it.

From Looking at the image that would appear in papers and magazines and billboards. We can tell that the target audience is for 14 to 20 year old males that are from a working class family. I would day this as these are the main group of people that watch football and by them using famous footballers this would appeal to them. Pepsi seem to mainly target this group of people. If you look at the video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HKV0QuQsonk) you can see a group of friends getting together to help their friend get a job. The people in this advert would be the same age of the target audience which would make this more appealing to them.

Pepsi have a number of slogans but they all always say there slogans in there advert. The slogan in this image is “Dare for more” this slogan makes the drink sound dangerous. This would appeal to this target audience as it would make them feel daring and Risky if they drink it. The slogan in the TV advert is “Max it”  This also give off the same vibes as it makes you feel you can do anything and that you should keep drinking it.  Pepsi’s slogans also have a manly feel to them which make you think that they are aimed at males. By Pepsi doing this it makes their audience feel like they have to do it.

Coca cola adverts target a different people, for example we can tell this from this video of the polar bears and the Holidays are coming that they are a very family orientated company. I think that this is the target audience as the polar bears are representing a family and people can relate to it. And in the Holidays are coming advert this represents the Christmas period where families are altogether. Also by having Father Christmas in it, young children would still believe in it so they would get excited by this. I would say that families would be of any class, any demographics, as all families would celebrate Christmas. This advert would also be popular all around the world as father Christmas is related to Christmas any with young children.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsOHk0JuHuY - Coca cola advert with polar bears.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogetBqMgau0 - Coca cola advert "holidays are coming"

All drinks companies use techniques, slogans and messages to sell their products. They would use these on their adverts, images and billboards. One advert for Sprit shows that there message of their drink is “freedom from thirst”. This suggests to their audience that if you have this drink you won’t be thirty anymore. For this they have use alliteration by them using this it will easier for the audience too remember the message. Glittering generalities is a technique that is used in this as its making you think that if you have this drink you won’t be thirsty again. The image also suggests this as the bottle is fading, this could be symbolising you thirst going 

away.  

Coco cola have changed their slogans over the years in 2001 it was “Life taste’s good” and now in 2011 it is “life begins here” these both suggest that by drinking this drink it’s your life and if you haven’t drunk it your life hasn’t started. For these they have used Glittering generalities as there saying this product can make your life better. All these messages are all talking about life and they use these to promote their products.

All these Fizzy drink companies have very different logos and typefaces. 7-up and Pepsi logo’s are very bold and bright coloured. Pepsi use blues, reds and whites in there logo’s these are very eye catching. The round ball that is used with the three colours on could be related to a sport for example , Football or tennis and this would be why sports stars are used a lot in there commercials. As the drink is from America the colours could also relate to it country to show where it’s from. 7 –up Logo is also very bold this uses green, white and red, this logo/typeface has bubbles going through the name, this is to do with the drink being fizzy. As these fonts on these drinks are very bold, coco cola and fanta’s fonts aren’t so bold. The fonts for this are more stylish and fun. By them being stylish it makes you think that the drink you’re drinking is fashionable. The colours that coke use are Red and white. These colours still stand out as they are Dark against lights. The same goes for Fanta as they use Blue font against the colour of the drink. We can tell that all the logos are copywrited as they have the ‘r’ or a ‘c’ logo on them which is the register trade mark symbol.

Overall Fizzy drink advertise the drinks in many different ways on newspapers, magazines and on television and these all help to sell there products.

Here are some examples of the logo's-

History of tv in the UK

Throughout the years broadcasting in the UK TV has changed massively. In 1920 the first experimental broadcast was put together and in 1922 the BBC had their first transmission day. For this to happen they had a 2LO transmitter installed on a roof in London. This gave a broader reach for people to receive it , this was used until 1929.  In 1924 the BBC had their first relay from America and then 11 years later , the  world’s first TV service was launched,  this was the first broadcast on high definition  television. For this to happen they used Marcani –Emis 405 line system and Bairds 240 line systems. In 1937 the BBC were able to film outside of the BBC grounds as the first TV van was put into use this gave people the  chance to watch what was going on around England. In 1958 the BBC made the first video tape recorder, this made it able to record the filmings and show it at other times instead of being live. This video tape was called VERA (vision electronia recording apporotis.) This wasn’t used very long as the Americans made an Ampex vriocan which people when used here in the UK. In 1967 tv took a big step and became colour. BBC2 was the first channel in Europe to be become in colour. 1995 was the year that ITV came to the screens. This was then joined by BBC 2 in the 1964 and the channel 4 which was launched in November 1982. Then Channel 5 completed the terrestrial TV channels in 1997. These 5 channels were received through radio waves by antennas or aerials which were placed on top of the TV or outside your house on a wall. Mainly until the 2000’s TV was mainly broadcasted in analogue but over the past 11 years we have been introduced to digital television which is received through aerials just like terrestrial but you have a freeview box to connect to the TV. In 2006 The first high definition  service started . In parts of the England the Analogue service has been switch off this means that they will have to have a tv with digital on or have to get a freeview box to receive  any sort of television programme.

This is the first  RCA television.That was brought out just befor the war.

This is the VERA recorder which was used and made by the BBC.

Through the years video technology has also changed, it all started with Bairds 240 line system since then there has been big changes. In 1946 the first most popular television (around that time) went on sale this was the RCA 630TS this video was a small size of 10”. After this television RCA made more television which progressed and became bigger but still were a very small size. Then in 1949 RCA made the first projection television .Since this television have had a huge change , you can get much bigger television and the quality has become much better. In the last 10 years you have been able to buy high definition television but to be to get this you must have a box that can change the images in HD. In last two years 3D television has also been developed by Sony. To be able to get the 3D experience you have to wear glasses that have a special lenses in them.  Camera’s have also improved throughout the years .
By all this changing TV is now easier to consume as there are many different ways to watch tv and people now have the choose of watching many different channels , to suit what they like.

In the UK, analogue television is broadcasted through PAL (Phase alteration line). PAL is used in many countries around the world including many parts of Europe. PAL is made up of 25 frames per second and has 625 lines. Other countries use different broadcasters such as NTSC; this is different to PAL as it send 30 frames per second and is made up of 525 lines. NTSC stands for national television system committee .This is also a analogue broadcaster but is not used in the uk but is used in America, Japan and parts of the pacific ocean. Another analogue broadcaster used is SECAM (sequential colour with memory). This is the same as PAL but SECAM sends its colour signals through separately. PAL uses 576 of its lines to show the picture.

How has the digital world changed the way we consume and create tv?

The digital world has changed a huge amount in the last 10 years. There are now many ways that you can watch TV. Terrestrial TV is a type of way you can watch TV. Terrestrial has 5 channels and is received through radio waves. In the UK this is received by PAL.

Another form of watching TV is through cable this is received in a different way, it is received through radio frequency signals and is transmitted through optical fibres and coaxial cable which is put underground. This means that there is no satellite dish needed.

Satellite is another way; this is received through a satellite dish and a set-top box. By having satellite you can choose what channels you want to watch to what suits you. You also have to pay monthly for satellite TV.

Digital terrestrial is received through aerials just like terrestrial TV but this can receive more channels then just your five analogue channels. To get the more channels you have to have a freeview box connected to your television. This has a multiplex transmitter so it can receive the more channels.

Multiplex is another way of watching TV this is a group of channels that are mixed together for broadcasting over a digital TV channels and then are separated again by the receiver , which then transmitters them so it can be watch on TV.

As well as watching your TV shows on TV you can now watch them in different ways-

IPTV (internet protocol television) this is TV that is received by the internet. This allows people to watch live shows online, or to catch up with shows that have been on a few days ago.

Video on demand is similar to IPTV but you can’t watch live TV. This allows you to watch past programmes when it suits you. This can be received through the internet. An example of this is BT vision to get this you must have a vision box.

This is BBC iplayer which allows people to watch tv when they want to.

Over the past few years digital cameras have become more popular over the video/film cameras. There are many advantages from using these as they give the filming better qualities’ digital camera uses a SD card where as a video camera uses a HDV tape or a miniDV tape. With video/film cameras the tape can only be used once to have a good quality where as if you use a CD card they can be used until the card is full. Once it is full, filming and images can be deleted and the card can be used again with the same quality. In the long run digital camera have a much bigger advance as you don’t have to keep paying for the tapes as you can re-use the SD cards. A digital camera also allows you to delete any shot that you don’t want when you are out filming so it’s not wasting space, whereas on a DV tape you can’t do this. You can also change things while out and about, for example you can change the white balance.

This is the sony HD handycam .

The way TV has been shown on TV has changed a lot. Pre-recorded TV shows have an advantage of making them better by editing the show. This improves the shows so that they can cut bits out and can make sure that shots are to the best quality. Many shows will use the apple software “final cut pro” to edit there shows. Editing allows film crew not to shot things in order. So if they can spend one day in one place and they can film everything even if it’s not in that order.  So if they can spend one day in one place instead of going back and forward to somewhere, this can save companies a lot of money. When they come to editing they can then put them in order.
In the last 10-15 years editing has become a big part of post production. Editing lets the show rearrange shots, use colour correction, sound missing and adding voice over’s to the clips. This has improves the digital world a lot as its able’s companies to make the shows better quality.