History of tv in the UK

Throughout the years broadcasting in the UK TV has changed massively. In 1920 the first experimental broadcast was put together and in 1922 the BBC had their first transmission day. For this to happen they had a 2LO transmitter installed on a roof in London. This gave a broader reach for people to receive it , this was used until 1929.  In 1924 the BBC had their first relay from America and then 11 years later , the  world’s first TV service was launched,  this was the first broadcast on high definition  television. For this to happen they used Marcani –Emis 405 line system and Bairds 240 line systems. In 1937 the BBC were able to film outside of the BBC grounds as the first TV van was put into use this gave people the  chance to watch what was going on around England. In 1958 the BBC made the first video tape recorder, this made it able to record the filmings and show it at other times instead of being live. This video tape was called VERA (vision electronia recording apporotis.) This wasn’t used very long as the Americans made an Ampex vriocan which people when used here in the UK. In 1967 tv took a big step and became colour. BBC2 was the first channel in Europe to be become in colour. 1995 was the year that ITV came to the screens. This was then joined by BBC 2 in the 1964 and the channel 4 which was launched in November 1982. Then Channel 5 completed the terrestrial TV channels in 1997. These 5 channels were received through radio waves by antennas or aerials which were placed on top of the TV or outside your house on a wall. Mainly until the 2000’s TV was mainly broadcasted in analogue but over the past 11 years we have been introduced to digital television which is received through aerials just like terrestrial but you have a freeview box to connect to the TV. In 2006 The first high definition  service started . In parts of the England the Analogue service has been switch off this means that they will have to have a tv with digital on or have to get a freeview box to receive  any sort of television programme.

This is the first  RCA television.That was brought out just befor the war.

This is the VERA recorder which was used and made by the BBC.

Through the years video technology has also changed, it all started with Bairds 240 line system since then there has been big changes. In 1946 the first most popular television (around that time) went on sale this was the RCA 630TS this video was a small size of 10”. After this television RCA made more television which progressed and became bigger but still were a very small size. Then in 1949 RCA made the first projection television .Since this television have had a huge change , you can get much bigger television and the quality has become much better. In the last 10 years you have been able to buy high definition television but to be to get this you must have a box that can change the images in HD. In last two years 3D television has also been developed by Sony. To be able to get the 3D experience you have to wear glasses that have a special lenses in them.  Camera’s have also improved throughout the years .
By all this changing TV is now easier to consume as there are many different ways to watch tv and people now have the choose of watching many different channels , to suit what they like.

In the UK, analogue television is broadcasted through PAL (Phase alteration line). PAL is used in many countries around the world including many parts of Europe. PAL is made up of 25 frames per second and has 625 lines. Other countries use different broadcasters such as NTSC; this is different to PAL as it send 30 frames per second and is made up of 525 lines. NTSC stands for national television system committee .This is also a analogue broadcaster but is not used in the uk but is used in America, Japan and parts of the pacific ocean. Another analogue broadcaster used is SECAM (sequential colour with memory). This is the same as PAL but SECAM sends its colour signals through separately. PAL uses 576 of its lines to show the picture.

How has the digital world changed the way we consume and create tv?

The digital world has changed a huge amount in the last 10 years. There are now many ways that you can watch TV. Terrestrial TV is a type of way you can watch TV. Terrestrial has 5 channels and is received through radio waves. In the UK this is received by PAL.

Another form of watching TV is through cable this is received in a different way, it is received through radio frequency signals and is transmitted through optical fibres and coaxial cable which is put underground. This means that there is no satellite dish needed.

Satellite is another way; this is received through a satellite dish and a set-top box. By having satellite you can choose what channels you want to watch to what suits you. You also have to pay monthly for satellite TV.

Digital terrestrial is received through aerials just like terrestrial TV but this can receive more channels then just your five analogue channels. To get the more channels you have to have a freeview box connected to your television. This has a multiplex transmitter so it can receive the more channels.

Multiplex is another way of watching TV this is a group of channels that are mixed together for broadcasting over a digital TV channels and then are separated again by the receiver , which then transmitters them so it can be watch on TV.

As well as watching your TV shows on TV you can now watch them in different ways-

IPTV (internet protocol television) this is TV that is received by the internet. This allows people to watch live shows online, or to catch up with shows that have been on a few days ago.

Video on demand is similar to IPTV but you can’t watch live TV. This allows you to watch past programmes when it suits you. This can be received through the internet. An example of this is BT vision to get this you must have a vision box.

This is BBC iplayer which allows people to watch tv when they want to.

Over the past few years digital cameras have become more popular over the video/film cameras. There are many advantages from using these as they give the filming better qualities’ digital camera uses a SD card where as a video camera uses a HDV tape or a miniDV tape. With video/film cameras the tape can only be used once to have a good quality where as if you use a CD card they can be used until the card is full. Once it is full, filming and images can be deleted and the card can be used again with the same quality. In the long run digital camera have a much bigger advance as you don’t have to keep paying for the tapes as you can re-use the SD cards. A digital camera also allows you to delete any shot that you don’t want when you are out filming so it’s not wasting space, whereas on a DV tape you can’t do this. You can also change things while out and about, for example you can change the white balance.

This is the sony HD handycam .

The way TV has been shown on TV has changed a lot. Pre-recorded TV shows have an advantage of making them better by editing the show. This improves the shows so that they can cut bits out and can make sure that shots are to the best quality. Many shows will use the apple software “final cut pro” to edit there shows. Editing allows film crew not to shot things in order. So if they can spend one day in one place and they can film everything even if it’s not in that order.  So if they can spend one day in one place instead of going back and forward to somewhere, this can save companies a lot of money. When they come to editing they can then put them in order.
In the last 10-15 years editing has become a big part of post production. Editing lets the show rearrange shots, use colour correction, sound missing and adding voice over’s to the clips. This has improves the digital world a lot as its able’s companies to make the shows better quality.

Have online videos lowered the standards of television production?

TV used all about watching good quality productions but now a day’s many people are deciding to watch lower quality productions online. By people watching these people now don’t expect that high quality that the TV gives you. As many people now have easy access to the internet as home, YouTube is becoming a very popular way to watch videos and to add your own short movie that you have made. Many people are also using things like BBC I player to catch up on the programmes that have been on a few days before.  By people watching these online they are not watching it in as high quality to which they could have seen it on TV. These two websites are very popular as they are free to watch and YouTube is also free to upload your videos. Many videos on YouTube are of poor quality but people will still watch it as they are free. In the past two years there have been a few films that are done in a home movie style. An example of there is paranormal activity. By people watching this it makes people think that they can make videos like this.

Equipment used for these productions vary. For example videos on YouTube won’t have a very high budget, so will either be filmed o a mobile phone or a digital camera. The general public wouldn’t have a lot of money as they wouldn’t be given money to make these productions like big companies. A popular small camera that is easy to carry round would be a Sony handy cam which can vary in price from £150 to £700. These would film in good quality, unlike your mobile phone. Big companies that make big production can spend up to £20,000,000 on a camera’s. The quality of these would be a lot better compared to a little Sony handy cam but these have professional part for example that will shoot in HD.

Overall the way people watch television has had a huge change over the years. Television is now more accessible for people of this generation to watch as you now have video on demand and IPTV which allows people to watch television when they want. As you now can watch television on you phones, iPods it is easier to watch when you are on the go.

ed1 portal!

http://www.snc-ed1media.blogspot.com/

8 shot journey evaluation

Evaluation

My 8 shot journeys was about someone being late to college. Before we made out 8 shot journeys we had to make a storyboard. The storyboard for my 8 shot journeys contains 8 shots. Its shows the journey of the person being late for college and, them walking through the park to get there.  I have used a number of different shot types to show what the person was doing. For example i used a very long shot when she was coming down the stairs; I used this because it shows her whole body to show that she was rushing. I then used a close up when she had got to college to show that she was glad to be there. I have used many different shots so it doesn’t make the piece boring and keeps the person watching interested in what is going on. On my storyboard each frame has a piece of information with it which tells people what the person is doing , where the camera is positioned and what side the person enters and leaves from. This information is important to directors so they can just pick a story board up and they would know what to do without asking the person what is going on. I have also drawn the picture on my storyboard to look like what the scene does, this is also done for the director she they know where to shoot the frames.

Before shooting my 8 shot journey, we had to stripe the tape, we were using. We had to do this to make sure the tape was working and so it creates a continuous time code. While shooting my 8 shot journeys i used a tripod. There is a big benefit from using the tripods as it made the footage that i shot better quality, as it stopped the camera from shaking because if i had filmed it while holding the camera the footage would be moving. In our recording we had to record handles for each frame we shot. We had to do this because it would make it easier to edit when we had finished filming. On one of frames i recorded two shots of, as i thought the footage wasn’t close enough in the first shot. While recording i encounter one problem, which i managed to fix. This problem was when we had striped the tape we forgot to rewind the tape back, so while we were filming the tape went blank and we had to go back film it all again.

After filming we had to get ready to edit our filming. We had to enter information into a log in sheet. On this sheet we had to enter the time code that each frame started from and ended with. The sheet also included the shot size, location and short description of what was happening, a comment about the shot and what shots we were using. The information on this sheet made it easier for when we had to start editing. Time code is the time used to film each frame. This also makes it easier when coming to editing as you can just enter in the timing place the time of what you want to keep.

When editing out 8 shot journeys we used a programme called “final cut pro” on the apple Mac computers. From editing some of the frames it made it my final piece so it was in a sequence. While editing i was able to get rid of bits I didn’t need. For example i had her turn around at the end of one shot, which she wasn’t meant to do but i was able to edit it out. I was able to select the best pieces of each frame to put into my final cut. Before placing the frames onto a timeline it rimed the beginnings and ends of each shot, so i could get rid of the handles that i had put on. From editing my frames all of my 8 shots were in form and completed in a sequence. If i was to do it again i would change a few things, i would add longer handle as it did make it a bit harder when editing. I would also use a few more different shots so it makes it more exciting.

pinhole evalution.

When I started doing pinhole camera there was things that I wanted to learn. I wanted to learn how to use the dark room and what chemicals are used to make the image appear. I also wanted to know how to make the camera and how it worked. I wanted to know how the camera worked because I didn’t believe that a box and picture paper could get you a image.

From Studying and creating my pinhole camera I have developed my knowledge on this topic. From this I have learnt the way pinhole cameras work. I have learnt that when you are making the box the inside of the box needs to be black, this is because if there was a reflection in it the image wouldn’t come out , so when you paint it black  the light is absorbed by the black. I also learnt that you cannot let the photographic paper see light unless you want to take the image. This is because the paper takes in the image when light is on it and if you let light see the paper before taking the picture your image wouldn’t come out.  Another thing ii have learnt is that you have to place the images into chemicals to the images appear. The solution we have to put the paper into were the “fixer” , “developer” and “stop” then you had to wash the image with water . This was to wash off the dangerous chemicals before touching it. When taking the image, I learnt that you had to leave the camera there, for a certain amount of time when taking the photo. This timing was very important to make the images come out. The timing was different for everybody as it depended on what size your box was. If i didn’t know about this i would of left it taking the image for about 5 minutes.

When i made my pinhole camera i brought in a Pringles box to make it with. We painted the inside of out boxes black; this was to stop any reflection inside the box. We then had to make a lens for a box. We did this by cutting a square into our boxes and then putting foil over this square. We stuck the foil down using black duck tape. Next we put a pin in the foil to make the lens. This hole was the hole that would see the image and would go onto the photo paper. When our lens was done we had to make sure that the box didn’t have any light going into it. This meant we had to create a flap to cover over the pinhole. We made this by using card and duck tape. When i place the photographic paper in the box i stuck it the inside of the box. This had to be placed opposite the pinhole so that the image went on the paper. When we put the paper in the box, we had to do this in the dark room this was because the paper mustn’t see light before taking the image.

With the images i have taken with my pinhole camera, i am very pleased with. I took 2 pictures outside. I felt that these pictures came out the best and they were very clear, where as the picture i had taken inside didn’t come out very well. When i took my images outside i had to leave my camera focusing on the spot for 30 seconds. This time was important because if i had left my camera focused there any longer my image would of came out black and you wouldn’t of seen them. I have learnt from my pictures i took outside that the camera needed to stay still. This is because when the camera moves it will leave a blur in the image. When I was taking my first image i moved the camera a little bit which made a slight blur in it. Although i did i felt that it was quiet effective in my work. This was my first picture so i knew for my next pictures i needed to keep the camera still to make a clearer image come out. The second picture i took was of the college’s feel that this was my best picture as it was the clearest. I think it came out very clear because i had it on a level surface and i stood away from it. The last picture i took, i tired inside. This meant that u needed to change the time i kept the camera focusing for. The time for inside was 2 minutes. I took the image using a different size piece of paper as i wanted to see how it came out. I feel i shouldn’t of done this as the paper wasn’t big enough and there was only a small image in the corner of the paper. Overall i was very pleased with the images that my camera had produced , as they were clear and i didn’t make many mistakes.

If i was to do this task again there would be a few things i would like to try. I would like to try doing more images inside to see how they would come out different to the ones i did outside. I would also i like to try using a different type box with a longer focal point to see if anything was different with the images. If i was to do this again i would also make sure that i keep my box on level surface area so that the images i get out are clearer. I would also like to try to leave my box somewhere for a long time to see  how the image would turn out with people walking past it and what sort of effect it would give the image.

Radio jingles

Notes

• Logic is a DAW= digtal , audio, work station.
• what you can do on logic pro- Muti track , record audio, edit audio , appeal plug.
• Other exmples of this type of programme , garage band , soundbooth  DEW.

How to use logic pro.

• Start by saving it.
• Tracks on the side  - S=solo  , M= mute , R=record ready.
• waves are calle regions
• Automation - automation-automaticly fades out.Click track then automation.Then a yellow line will appear then you can move it up and down to fade things and make things louder
• Bounce= select the top but to make green , then select boune change file to AIFF and switch offline.
• Plug ins= effects

Music formats

• Mp3 , WMA , WAV , AAC , AIFF
• AAC=  Advanced Audio Coding
• WMA=Windows Media Audio
• WAV=Waveform Audio File Format
• AIFF=Audio Interchange File Format

 Script for show Promo-

- Tune in to SNC live online for Mulleys Monday nights from 6 till 9.(example playing in the background)

-With Guest star "example"

-And catch all  the hits from this weeks charts. (example stops playing in the back ground)

- Katy B ( her music plays then fades out towards end)

- Taio Cruz (his music plays then fades out towards end)

-Usher (His music plays then fades out at end and thenit finishes)

1.Radio Station: Radio 1

What is the jingle advertising? The morning show and the DJ.

How long is the jingle? 3 minutes long.

At what time of the day/week/year would the jingle ideally be played? Why? Weekday, in the evening advertising the morning show.

What audience is being targeted? Why do you think this is? Students and working people as they are getting ready to go to school/college or work.

Describe the radio jingle. What elements are included? V/O, SFX, Music? Singing, information of the show , music in the background, describing the DJ.

What information is given in the jingle? Why is this necessary? Name of the show, times it is on till, DJ. People need to know this because they might want to recommend it to other people.

Do you think that the jingle is effective? Why/ why not? Yes sort of. I think it is good but too long although it gives a lot of information about the DJ and make the radio station sound fun and exciting.

2.   Radio Station. Radio 1

What is the jingle advertising?BBC Extra, R n B songs

How long is the jingle?40 Seconds.

At what time of the day/week/year would the jingle ideally be played? Why?The jingle would ideally be played during the day as it is advertising a evening show which starts from 7.00.

What audience is being targeted? Why do you think this?14-25 year olds.  It is an evening show so this age group would be at home or on the way home and could be listening to the show to relax.

Describe the radio jingle. What elements are included? V/O, SFX, Music.Voice overs,music playing,that would feature on the show so if that was their preferred choice of music they would listen.

What information is given in the jingle? Why is this necessary?The time that it starts. What kind of music they would play, the station, name of the show, what channels, online or digital where you can listen.

Do you think that the jingle is effective? Why/Why not?Yes because it is loud and bold. The presenters sound excited about it.

Evaluation

When we started doing radio jungles there were things i wanted to learn about. I wanted to learn, how to use the programmes and what jingles needed to include. The Jingles we made were for a show promo, an advert for a made up product and i personal ident that would be played throughout a radio show. Before starting our jingles we researched them. We went on the radio stations websites to listen to their jingles. We did this as it gave us an idea of what they include.
  Our first task we did was a 5 second ident. From doing this i learnt how to use the software which was logic pro. I feel that this task could of gone better as i thought the ident wasn’t very good. At the start of my ident i had a whooshing noise. By doing this i thought it was fun and not serious. I have learnt from doing this task that i needed to talk louder when recording. If i was to do this again i would have music playing throughout as i think it would make it more exciting as it was rather boring.
The next task we had to do was to make up a product and advertise it though the radio. The product we made up was ‘heat feet’ a product that when you put your feet in socks that automatically heat up. When we made our jingle we made sure that it had the name of the product, what it does, price and where you can buy it. When we made this we had music playing throughout the advert. We thought this would be good as people remember advert though songs and it also makes people more interested. I feel this task could of gone a lot better as we couldn’t work logic pro very well. I felt the piece of advert didn’t flow very well and it sounded like it was in lots of different bits. If i was to do it again i would try and make it sound like it flows better. I would also have more talking about the product so we don’t have to add as much plug ins, as i  felt that it made it sound very cheesy and a bit over the top.

The last task we did was for a show promo, in this task we had to include, the name of the show , time it was on , what the show included, and what station it was going to be on. I feel that this was my best piece of jingle work. I felt that it went very well. In this we had music playing throughout , i felt like this was a good idea as other radio stations have this in a jingle. This also shows people what sort of music is going to be played through out the radio show. While we had the music playing we had our voices go over the top of the music track. When this was happening we had the music playing lower while our voices were louder over the top, this needed to be like this as you wouldn’t of heard the important information about the show. In our jingle we told people that we were going to have a guest star which was Example. When people hear this in a jingle , they can see if they like it so they can join in and listen. I think our show promo was very good because it gives all the information and we have used a range of different effects to make the promo exciting.
Overall i have learnt everything that i wanted to. From doing these tasks it has helped me remember what to do if i was to do it again. I can also tell that it has helped me know the programme better as each task went on i think my products became better. If i was to do this again i can learn from my mistakes in these tasks. Overall i have really enjoyed doing this.

URL for show promo

http://www.supload.com/listen?s=04nR6D

URL for advert
http://www.supload.com/listen?s=BGJFYL

URL for ident

http://www.supload.com/listen?s=9GyDWB